diff --git a/Modules/Core/src/DataManagement/mitkSurface.cpp b/Modules/Core/src/DataManagement/mitkSurface.cpp
index fcc8f6ff98..9fc0cdf7f8 100644
--- a/Modules/Core/src/DataManagement/mitkSurface.cpp
+++ b/Modules/Core/src/DataManagement/mitkSurface.cpp
@@ -1,509 +1,508 @@
 /*============================================================================
 
 The Medical Imaging Interaction Toolkit (MITK)
 
 Copyright (c) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
 All rights reserved.
 
 Use of this source code is governed by a 3-clause BSD license that can be
 found in the LICENSE file.
 
 ============================================================================*/
 
 #include "mitkSurface.h"
 #include "mitkInteractionConst.h"
 #include "mitkSurfaceOperation.h"
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <vtkPolyData.h>
 
 static vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyData> DeepCopy(vtkPolyData *other)
 {
   if (other == nullptr)
     return nullptr;
 
   vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyData> copy = vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyData>::New();
   copy->DeepCopy(other);
 
   return copy;
 }
 
 static void Update(vtkPolyData * /*polyData*/)
 {
   //  if (polyData != nullptr)
   //    polyData->Update(); //VTK6_TODO vtk pipeline
 }
 
 mitk::Surface::Surface() : m_CalculateBoundingBox(false)
 {
   this->InitializeEmpty();
 }
 
 mitk::Surface::Surface(const mitk::Surface &other)
   : BaseData(other),
     m_LargestPossibleRegion(other.m_LargestPossibleRegion),
     m_RequestedRegion(other.m_RequestedRegion),
     m_CalculateBoundingBox(other.m_CalculateBoundingBox)
 {
   if (!other.m_PolyDatas.empty())
   {
     m_PolyDatas.resize(other.m_PolyDatas.size());
     std::transform(other.m_PolyDatas.cbegin(), other.m_PolyDatas.cend(), m_PolyDatas.begin(), DeepCopy);
   }
   else
   {
     this->InitializeEmpty();
   }
 }
 
 void mitk::Surface::Swap(mitk::Surface &other)
 {
   std::swap(m_PolyDatas, other.m_PolyDatas);
   std::swap(m_LargestPossibleRegion, other.m_LargestPossibleRegion);
   std::swap(m_RequestedRegion, other.m_RequestedRegion);
   std::swap(m_CalculateBoundingBox, other.m_CalculateBoundingBox);
 }
 
 mitk::Surface &mitk::Surface::operator=(Surface other)
 {
   this->Swap(other);
   return *this;
 }
 
 mitk::Surface::~Surface()
 {
   this->ClearData();
 }
 
 void mitk::Surface::ClearData()
 {
   m_PolyDatas.clear();
 
   Superclass::ClearData();
 }
 
 const mitk::Surface::RegionType &mitk::Surface::GetLargestPossibleRegion() const
 {
   m_LargestPossibleRegion.SetIndex(3, 0);
   m_LargestPossibleRegion.SetSize(3, GetTimeGeometry()->CountTimeSteps());
 
   return m_LargestPossibleRegion;
 }
 
 const mitk::Surface::RegionType &mitk::Surface::GetRequestedRegion() const
 {
   return m_RequestedRegion;
 }
 
 void mitk::Surface::InitializeEmpty()
 {
   if (!m_PolyDatas.empty())
     this->ClearData();
 
   Superclass::InitializeTimeGeometry();
 
   m_PolyDatas.push_back(nullptr);
   m_Initialized = true;
 }
 
 void mitk::Surface::SetVtkPolyData(vtkPolyData *polyData, unsigned int t)
 {
   this->Expand(t + 1);
 
   if (m_PolyDatas[t] != nullptr)
   {
     if (m_PolyDatas[t].GetPointer() == polyData)
       return;
   }
 
   m_PolyDatas[t].TakeReference(polyData);
 
   if (polyData != nullptr)
     polyData->Register(nullptr);
 
   m_CalculateBoundingBox = true;
 
   this->Modified();
   this->UpdateOutputInformation();
 }
 
 bool mitk::Surface::IsEmptyTimeStep(unsigned int t) const
 {
   if (!IsInitialized())
     return false;
 
   vtkPolyData *polyData = this->GetVtkPolyData(t);
 
-  return polyData == nullptr || (polyData->GetNumberOfLines() == 0 && polyData->GetNumberOfPolys() == 0 &&
-                                 polyData->GetNumberOfStrips() == 0 && polyData->GetNumberOfVerts() == 0);
+  return polyData == nullptr;
 }
 
 vtkPolyData *mitk::Surface::GetVtkPolyData(unsigned int t) const
 {
   if (t < m_PolyDatas.size())
   {
     if (m_PolyDatas[t] == nullptr && this->GetSource().IsNotNull())
     {
       RegionType requestedRegion;
       requestedRegion.SetIndex(3, t);
       requestedRegion.SetSize(3, 1);
       this->m_RequestedRegion = requestedRegion;
       this->GetSource()->Update();
     }
 
     return m_PolyDatas[t].GetPointer();
   }
 
   return nullptr;
 }
 
 void mitk::Surface::UpdateOutputInformation()
 {
   if (this->GetSource().IsNotNull())
     this->GetSource()->UpdateOutputInformation();
 
   if (m_CalculateBoundingBox == true && !m_PolyDatas.empty())
     this->CalculateBoundingBox();
   else
     this->GetTimeGeometry()->Update();
 }
 
 void mitk::Surface::CalculateBoundingBox()
 {
   TimeGeometry *timeGeometry = this->GetTimeGeometry();
 
   if (timeGeometry->CountTimeSteps() != m_PolyDatas.size())
     mitkThrow() << "Number of geometry time steps is inconsistent with number of poly data pointers.";
 
   for (unsigned int i = 0; i < m_PolyDatas.size(); ++i)
   {
     vtkPolyData *polyData = m_PolyDatas[i].GetPointer();
     double bounds[6] = {0};
 
     if (polyData != nullptr && polyData->GetNumberOfPoints() > 0)
     {
       //      polyData->Update(); //VTK6_TODO vtk pipeline
       polyData->ComputeBounds();
       polyData->GetBounds(bounds);
     }
 
     BaseGeometry::Pointer geometry = timeGeometry->GetGeometryForTimeStep(i);
 
     if (geometry.IsNull())
       mitkThrow() << "Time-sliced geometry is invalid (equals nullptr).";
 
     geometry->SetFloatBounds(bounds);
   }
 
   timeGeometry->Update();
   m_CalculateBoundingBox = false;
 }
 
 void mitk::Surface::SetRequestedRegionToLargestPossibleRegion()
 {
   m_RequestedRegion = GetLargestPossibleRegion();
 }
 
 bool mitk::Surface::RequestedRegionIsOutsideOfTheBufferedRegion()
 {
   RegionType::IndexValueType end = m_RequestedRegion.GetIndex(3) + m_RequestedRegion.GetSize(3);
 
   if (static_cast<RegionType::IndexValueType>(m_PolyDatas.size()) < end)
     return true;
 
   for (RegionType::IndexValueType t = m_RequestedRegion.GetIndex(3); t < end; ++t)
   {
     if (m_PolyDatas[t] == nullptr)
       return true;
   }
 
   return false;
 }
 
 bool mitk::Surface::VerifyRequestedRegion()
 {
   if (m_RequestedRegion.GetIndex(3) >= 0 &&
       m_RequestedRegion.GetIndex(3) + m_RequestedRegion.GetSize(3) <= m_PolyDatas.size())
     return true;
 
   return false;
 }
 
 void mitk::Surface::SetRequestedRegion(const itk::DataObject *data)
 {
   const auto *surface = dynamic_cast<const mitk::Surface *>(data);
 
   if (surface != nullptr)
     m_RequestedRegion = surface->GetRequestedRegion();
   else
     mitkThrow() << "Data object used to get requested region is not a mitk::Surface.";
 }
 
 void mitk::Surface::SetRequestedRegion(Surface::RegionType *region)
 {
   if (region == nullptr)
     mitkThrow() << "Requested region is invalid (equals nullptr)";
 
   m_RequestedRegion = *region;
 }
 
 void mitk::Surface::CopyInformation(const itk::DataObject *data)
 {
   Superclass::CopyInformation(data);
 
   const auto *surface = dynamic_cast<const mitk::Surface *>(data);
 
   if (surface == nullptr)
     mitkThrow() << "Data object used to get largest possible region is not a mitk::Surface.";
 
   m_LargestPossibleRegion = surface->GetLargestPossibleRegion();
 }
 
 void mitk::Surface::Update()
 {
   using ::Update;
 
   if (this->GetSource().IsNull())
     std::for_each(m_PolyDatas.begin(), m_PolyDatas.end(), Update);
 
   Superclass::Update();
 }
 
 void mitk::Surface::Expand(unsigned int timeSteps)
 {
   if (timeSteps > m_PolyDatas.size())
   {
     Superclass::Expand(timeSteps);
 
     m_PolyDatas.resize(timeSteps);
     m_CalculateBoundingBox = true;
   }
 }
 
 void mitk::Surface::ExecuteOperation(Operation *operation)
 {
   switch (operation->GetOperationType())
   {
     case OpSURFACECHANGED:
     {
       auto *surfaceOperation = dynamic_cast<mitk::SurfaceOperation *>(operation);
 
       if (surfaceOperation == nullptr)
         break;
 
       unsigned int timeStep = surfaceOperation->GetTimeStep();
 
       if (m_PolyDatas[timeStep] != nullptr)
       {
         vtkPolyData *updatedPolyData = surfaceOperation->GetVtkPolyData();
 
         if (updatedPolyData != nullptr)
         {
           this->SetVtkPolyData(updatedPolyData, timeStep);
           this->CalculateBoundingBox();
           this->Modified();
         }
       }
 
       break;
     }
 
     default:
       return;
   }
 }
 
 unsigned int mitk::Surface::GetSizeOfPolyDataSeries() const
 {
   return m_PolyDatas.size();
 }
 
 void mitk::Surface::Graft(const DataObject *data)
 {
   const auto *surface = dynamic_cast<const Surface *>(data);
 
   if (surface == nullptr)
     mitkThrow() << "Data object used to graft surface is not a mitk::Surface.";
 
   this->CopyInformation(data);
   m_PolyDatas.clear();
 
   for (unsigned int i = 0; i < surface->GetSizeOfPolyDataSeries(); ++i)
   {
     m_PolyDatas.push_back(vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyData>::New());
     m_PolyDatas.back()->DeepCopy(surface->GetVtkPolyData(i));
   }
 }
 
 void mitk::Surface::PrintSelf(std::ostream &os, itk::Indent indent) const
 {
   Superclass::PrintSelf(os, indent);
 
   os << indent << "\nNumber PolyDatas: " << m_PolyDatas.size() << "\n";
 
   unsigned int count = 0;
 
   for (auto it = m_PolyDatas.begin(); it != m_PolyDatas.end(); ++it)
   {
     os << "\n";
 
     if (*it != nullptr)
     {
       os << indent << "PolyData at time step " << count << ":\n";
       os << indent << "Number of cells: " << (*it)->GetNumberOfCells() << "\n";
       os << indent << "Number of points: " << (*it)->GetNumberOfPoints() << "\n\n";
       os << indent << "VTKPolyData:\n";
 
       (*it)->Print(os);
     }
     else
     {
       os << indent << "Empty PolyData at time step " << count << "\n";
     }
 
     ++count;
   }
 }
 
 bool mitk::Equal(vtkPolyData *leftHandSide, vtkPolyData *rightHandSide, mitk::ScalarType eps, bool verbose)
 {
   if ((leftHandSide == nullptr) || (rightHandSide == nullptr))
   {
     MITK_ERROR << "mitk::Equal( vtkPolyData* leftHandSide, vtkPolyData* rightHandSide, mitk::ScalarType eps, bool "
                   "verbose ) does not work for nullptr pointer input.";
     return false;
   }
   return Equal(*leftHandSide, *rightHandSide, eps, verbose);
 }
 
 bool mitk::Equal(vtkPolyData &leftHandSide, vtkPolyData &rightHandSide, mitk::ScalarType eps, bool verbose)
 {
   bool noDifferenceFound = true;
 
   if (!mitk::Equal(leftHandSide.GetNumberOfCells(), rightHandSide.GetNumberOfCells(), eps, verbose))
   {
     if (verbose)
       MITK_INFO << "[Equal( vtkPolyData*, vtkPolyData* )] Number of cells not equal";
     noDifferenceFound = false;
   }
 
   if (!mitk::Equal(leftHandSide.GetNumberOfVerts(), rightHandSide.GetNumberOfVerts(), eps, verbose))
   {
     if (verbose)
       MITK_INFO << "[Equal( vtkPolyData*, vtkPolyData* )] Number of vertices not equal";
     noDifferenceFound = false;
   }
 
   if (!mitk::Equal(leftHandSide.GetNumberOfLines(), rightHandSide.GetNumberOfLines(), eps, verbose))
   {
     if (verbose)
       MITK_INFO << "[Equal( vtkPolyData*, vtkPolyData* )] Number of lines not equal";
     noDifferenceFound = false;
   }
 
   if (!mitk::Equal(leftHandSide.GetNumberOfPolys(), rightHandSide.GetNumberOfPolys(), eps, verbose))
   {
     if (verbose)
       MITK_INFO << "[Equal( vtkPolyData*, vtkPolyData* )] Number of polys not equal";
     noDifferenceFound = false;
   }
 
   if (!mitk::Equal(leftHandSide.GetNumberOfStrips(), rightHandSide.GetNumberOfStrips(), eps, verbose))
   {
     if (verbose)
       MITK_INFO << "[Equal( vtkPolyData*, vtkPolyData* )] Number of strips not equal";
     noDifferenceFound = false;
   }
 
   {
     unsigned int numberOfPointsRight = rightHandSide.GetPoints()->GetNumberOfPoints();
     unsigned int numberOfPointsLeft = leftHandSide.GetPoints()->GetNumberOfPoints();
     if (!mitk::Equal(numberOfPointsLeft, numberOfPointsRight, eps, verbose))
     {
       if (verbose)
         MITK_INFO << "[Equal( vtkPolyData*, vtkPolyData* )] Number of points not equal";
       noDifferenceFound = false;
     }
     else
     {
       for (unsigned int i(0); i < numberOfPointsRight; i++)
       {
         bool pointFound = false;
         double pointOne[3];
         rightHandSide.GetPoints()->GetPoint(i, pointOne);
 
         for (unsigned int j(0); j < numberOfPointsLeft; j++)
         {
           double pointTwo[3];
           leftHandSide.GetPoints()->GetPoint(j, pointTwo);
 
           double x = pointOne[0] - pointTwo[0];
           double y = pointOne[1] - pointTwo[1];
           double z = pointOne[2] - pointTwo[2];
           double distance = x * x + y * y + z * z;
 
           if (distance < eps)
           {
             pointFound = true;
             break;
           }
         }
         if (!pointFound)
         {
           if (verbose)
           {
             MITK_INFO << "[Equal( vtkPolyData*, vtkPolyData* )] Right hand side point with id " << i
                       << " and coordinates ( " << std::setprecision(12) << pointOne[0] << " ; " << pointOne[1] << " ; "
                       << pointOne[2] << " ) could not be found in left hand side with epsilon " << eps << ".";
           }
           noDifferenceFound = false;
           break;
         }
       }
     }
   }
   return noDifferenceFound;
 }
 
 bool mitk::Equal(mitk::Surface *leftHandSide, mitk::Surface *rightHandSide, mitk::ScalarType eps, bool verbose)
 {
   if ((leftHandSide == nullptr) || (rightHandSide == nullptr))
   {
     MITK_ERROR << "mitk::Equal( mitk::Surface* leftHandSide, mitk::Surface* rightHandSide, mitk::ScalarType eps, bool "
                   "verbose ) does not work with nullptr pointer input.";
     return false;
   }
   return Equal(*leftHandSide, *rightHandSide, eps, verbose);
 }
 
 bool mitk::Equal(mitk::Surface &leftHandSide, mitk::Surface &rightHandSide, mitk::ScalarType eps, bool verbose)
 {
   bool noDifferenceFound = true;
 
   if (!mitk::Equal(leftHandSide.GetSizeOfPolyDataSeries(), rightHandSide.GetSizeOfPolyDataSeries(), eps, verbose))
   {
     if (verbose)
       MITK_INFO << "[Equal( mitk::surface&, mitk::surface& )] Size of PolyData series not equal.";
     return false;
   }
 
   // No mitk::Equal for TimeGeometry implemented.
   // if( ! mitk::Equal( leftHandSide->GetTimeGeometry(), rightHandSide->GetTimeGeometry(), eps, verbose ) )
   //{
   //  if(verbose)
   //    MITK_INFO << "[Equal( mitk::surface&, mitk::surface& )] Time sliced geometries not equal";
   //  noDifferenceFound = false;
   //}
 
   for (unsigned int i(0); i < rightHandSide.GetSizeOfPolyDataSeries(); i++)
   {
     if (!mitk::Equal(*leftHandSide.GetVtkPolyData(i), *rightHandSide.GetVtkPolyData(i), eps, verbose))
     {
       if (verbose)
         MITK_INFO << "[Equal( mitk::surface&, mitk::surface& )] Poly datas not equal.";
       noDifferenceFound = false;
     }
   }
 
   return noDifferenceFound;
 }
diff --git a/Modules/Core/src/IO/mitkIOUtil.cpp b/Modules/Core/src/IO/mitkIOUtil.cpp
index 2e05ce7d71..17ff57df47 100644
--- a/Modules/Core/src/IO/mitkIOUtil.cpp
+++ b/Modules/Core/src/IO/mitkIOUtil.cpp
@@ -1,1015 +1,1015 @@
 /*============================================================================
 
 The Medical Imaging Interaction Toolkit (MITK)
 
 Copyright (c) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
 All rights reserved.
 
 Use of this source code is governed by a 3-clause BSD license that can be
 found in the LICENSE file.
 
 ============================================================================*/
 
 #include "mitkIOUtil.h"
 
 #include <mitkCoreObjectFactory.h>
 #include <mitkCoreServices.h>
 #include <mitkExceptionMacro.h>
 #include <mitkFileReaderRegistry.h>
 #include <mitkFileWriterRegistry.h>
 #include <mitkIMimeTypeProvider.h>
 #include <mitkProgressBar.h>
 #include <mitkStandaloneDataStorage.h>
 #include <usGetModuleContext.h>
 #include <usLDAPProp.h>
 #include <usModuleContext.h>
 #include <usModuleResource.h>
 #include <usModuleResourceStream.h>
 #include <mitkAbstractFileReader.h>
 #include <mitkUtf8Util.h>
 
 // ITK
 #include <itksys/SystemTools.hxx>
 
 // VTK
 #include <vtkPolyData.h>
 #include <vtkSmartPointer.h>
 #include <vtkTriangleFilter.h>
 
 #include <cerrno>
 #include <cstdlib>
 
 static std::string GetLastErrorStr()
 {
 #ifdef US_PLATFORM_POSIX
   return std::string(strerror(errno));
 #else
   // Retrieve the system error message for the last-error code
   LPVOID lpMsgBuf;
   DWORD dw = GetLastError();
 
   FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS,
                 nullptr,
                 dw,
                 MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),
                 (LPTSTR)&lpMsgBuf,
                 0,
                 nullptr);
 
   std::string errMsg((LPCTSTR)lpMsgBuf);
 
   LocalFree(lpMsgBuf);
 
   return errMsg;
 #endif
 }
 
 #ifdef US_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
 
 #include <direct.h>
 #include <io.h>
 
 // make the posix flags point to the obsolete bsd types on windows
 #define S_IRUSR S_IREAD
 #define S_IWUSR S_IWRITE
 
 #else
 
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #endif
 
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 
 static const char validLetters[] = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789";
 
 // A cross-platform version of the mkstemps function
 static int mkstemps_compat(char *tmpl, int suffixlen)
 {
   static unsigned long long value = 0;
   int savedErrno = errno;
 
 // Lower bound on the number of temporary files to attempt to generate.
 #define ATTEMPTS_MIN (62 * 62 * 62)
 
 /* The number of times to attempt to generate a temporary file.  To
    conform to POSIX, this must be no smaller than TMP_MAX.  */
 #if ATTEMPTS_MIN < TMP_MAX
   const unsigned int attempts = TMP_MAX;
 #else
   const unsigned int attempts = ATTEMPTS_MIN;
 #endif
 
   const int len = strlen(tmpl);
   if ((len - suffixlen) < 6 || strncmp(&tmpl[len - 6 - suffixlen], "XXXXXX", 6))
   {
     errno = EINVAL;
     return -1;
   }
 
   /* This is where the Xs start.  */
   char *XXXXXX = &tmpl[len - 6 - suffixlen];
 
 /* Get some more or less random data.  */
 #ifdef US_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
   {
     SYSTEMTIME stNow;
     FILETIME ftNow;
 
     // get system time
     GetSystemTime(&stNow);
     stNow.wMilliseconds = 500;
     if (!SystemTimeToFileTime(&stNow, &ftNow))
     {
       errno = -1;
       return -1;
     }
     unsigned long long randomTimeBits = ((static_cast<unsigned long long>(ftNow.dwHighDateTime) << 32) |
                                          static_cast<unsigned long long>(ftNow.dwLowDateTime));
     value = randomTimeBits ^ static_cast<unsigned long long>(GetCurrentThreadId());
   }
 #else
   {
     struct timeval tv;
     gettimeofday(&tv, nullptr);
     unsigned long long randomTimeBits =
       ((static_cast<unsigned long long>(tv.tv_usec) << 32) | static_cast<unsigned long long>(tv.tv_sec));
     value = randomTimeBits ^ static_cast<unsigned long long>(getpid());
   }
 #endif
 
   for (unsigned int count = 0; count < attempts; value += 7777, ++count)
   {
     unsigned long long v = value;
 
     /* Fill in the random bits.  */
     XXXXXX[0] = validLetters[v % 62];
     v /= 62;
     XXXXXX[1] = validLetters[v % 62];
     v /= 62;
     XXXXXX[2] = validLetters[v % 62];
     v /= 62;
     XXXXXX[3] = validLetters[v % 62];
     v /= 62;
     XXXXXX[4] = validLetters[v % 62];
     v /= 62;
     XXXXXX[5] = validLetters[v % 62];
 
     int fd = open(tmpl, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
     if (fd >= 0)
     {
       errno = savedErrno;
       return fd;
     }
     else if (errno != EEXIST)
     {
       return -1;
     }
   }
 
   /* We got out of the loop because we ran out of combinations to try.  */
   errno = EEXIST;
   return -1;
 }
 
 // A cross-platform version of the POSIX mkdtemp function
 static char *mkdtemps_compat(char *tmpl, int suffixlen)
 {
   static unsigned long long value = 0;
   int savedErrno = errno;
 
 // Lower bound on the number of temporary dirs to attempt to generate.
 #define ATTEMPTS_MIN (62 * 62 * 62)
 
 /* The number of times to attempt to generate a temporary dir.  To
    conform to POSIX, this must be no smaller than TMP_MAX.  */
 #if ATTEMPTS_MIN < TMP_MAX
   const unsigned int attempts = TMP_MAX;
 #else
   const unsigned int attempts = ATTEMPTS_MIN;
 #endif
 
   const int len = strlen(tmpl);
   if ((len - suffixlen) < 6 || strncmp(&tmpl[len - 6 - suffixlen], "XXXXXX", 6))
   {
     errno = EINVAL;
     return nullptr;
   }
 
   /* This is where the Xs start.  */
   char *XXXXXX = &tmpl[len - 6 - suffixlen];
 
 /* Get some more or less random data.  */
 #ifdef US_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
   {
     SYSTEMTIME stNow;
     FILETIME ftNow;
 
     // get system time
     GetSystemTime(&stNow);
     stNow.wMilliseconds = 500;
     if (!SystemTimeToFileTime(&stNow, &ftNow))
     {
       errno = -1;
       return nullptr;
     }
     unsigned long long randomTimeBits = ((static_cast<unsigned long long>(ftNow.dwHighDateTime) << 32) |
                                          static_cast<unsigned long long>(ftNow.dwLowDateTime));
     value = randomTimeBits ^ static_cast<unsigned long long>(GetCurrentThreadId());
   }
 #else
   {
     struct timeval tv;
     gettimeofday(&tv, nullptr);
     unsigned long long randomTimeBits =
       ((static_cast<unsigned long long>(tv.tv_usec) << 32) | static_cast<unsigned long long>(tv.tv_sec));
     value = randomTimeBits ^ static_cast<unsigned long long>(getpid());
   }
 #endif
 
   unsigned int count = 0;
   for (; count < attempts; value += 7777, ++count)
   {
     unsigned long long v = value;
 
     /* Fill in the random bits.  */
     XXXXXX[0] = validLetters[v % 62];
     v /= 62;
     XXXXXX[1] = validLetters[v % 62];
     v /= 62;
     XXXXXX[2] = validLetters[v % 62];
     v /= 62;
     XXXXXX[3] = validLetters[v % 62];
     v /= 62;
     XXXXXX[4] = validLetters[v % 62];
     v /= 62;
     XXXXXX[5] = validLetters[v % 62];
 
 #ifdef US_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
     int fd = _mkdir(tmpl); //, _S_IREAD | _S_IWRITE | _S_IEXEC);
 #else
     int fd = mkdir(tmpl, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IXUSR);
 #endif
     if (fd >= 0)
     {
       errno = savedErrno;
       return tmpl;
     }
     else if (errno != EEXIST)
     {
       return nullptr;
     }
   }
 
   /* We got out of the loop because we ran out of combinations to try.  */
   errno = EEXIST;
   return nullptr;
 }
 
 //#endif
 
 //**************************************************************
 // mitk::IOUtil method definitions
 
 namespace mitk
 {
   struct IOUtil::Impl
   {
     struct FixedReaderOptionsFunctor : public ReaderOptionsFunctorBase
     {
       FixedReaderOptionsFunctor(const IFileReader::Options &options) : m_Options(options) {}
       bool operator()(LoadInfo &loadInfo) const override
       {
         IFileReader *reader = loadInfo.m_ReaderSelector.GetSelected().GetReader();
         if (reader)
         {
           reader->SetOptions(m_Options);
         }
         return false;
       }
 
     private:
       const IFileReader::Options &m_Options;
     };
 
     struct FixedWriterOptionsFunctor : public WriterOptionsFunctorBase
     {
       FixedWriterOptionsFunctor(const IFileReader::Options &options) : m_Options(options) {}
       bool operator()(SaveInfo &saveInfo) const override
       {
         IFileWriter *writer = saveInfo.m_WriterSelector.GetSelected().GetWriter();
         if (writer)
         {
           writer->SetOptions(m_Options);
         }
         return false;
       }
 
     private:
       const IFileWriter::Options &m_Options;
     };
 
     static BaseData::Pointer LoadBaseDataFromFile(const std::string &path, const ReaderOptionsFunctorBase* optionsCallback = nullptr);
   };
 
   BaseData::Pointer IOUtil::Impl::LoadBaseDataFromFile(const std::string &path,
                                                        const ReaderOptionsFunctorBase *optionsCallback)
   {
     std::vector<BaseData::Pointer> baseDataList = Load(path, optionsCallback);
 
     // The Load(path) call above should throw an exception if nothing could be loaded
     assert(!baseDataList.empty());
     return baseDataList.front();
   }
 
 #ifdef US_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
   std::string IOUtil::GetProgramPath()
   {
     char path[512];
     std::size_t index = std::string(path, GetModuleFileName(nullptr, path, 512)).find_last_of('\\');
     return std::string(path, index);
   }
 #elif defined(US_PLATFORM_APPLE)
 #include <mach-o/dyld.h>
   std::string IOUtil::GetProgramPath()
   {
     char path[512];
     uint32_t size = sizeof(path);
     if (_NSGetExecutablePath(path, &size) == 0)
     {
       std::size_t index = std::string(path).find_last_of('/');
       std::string strPath = std::string(path, index);
       // const char* execPath = strPath.c_str();
       // mitk::StandardFileLocations::GetInstance()->AddDirectoryForSearch(execPath,false);
       return strPath;
     }
     return std::string();
   }
 #else
 #include <sstream>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
   std::string IOUtil::GetProgramPath()
   {
     std::stringstream ss;
     ss << "/proc/" << getpid() << "/exe";
     char proc[512] = {0};
     ssize_t ch = readlink(ss.str().c_str(), proc, 512);
     if (ch == -1)
       return std::string();
     std::size_t index = std::string(proc).find_last_of('/');
     return std::string(proc, index);
   }
 #endif
 
   char IOUtil::GetDirectorySeparator()
   {
 #ifdef US_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
     return '\\';
 #else
     return '/';
 #endif
   }
 
   std::string IOUtil::GetTempPath()
   {
     static std::string result;
     if (result.empty())
     {
 #ifdef US_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
       char tempPathTestBuffer[1];
       DWORD bufferLength = GetTempPathA(1, tempPathTestBuffer);
       if (bufferLength == 0)
       {
         mitkThrow() << GetLastErrorStr();
       }
       std::vector<char> tempPath(bufferLength);
       bufferLength = GetTempPathA(bufferLength, &tempPath[0]);
       if (bufferLength == 0)
       {
         mitkThrow() << GetLastErrorStr();
       }
       result.assign(tempPath.begin(), tempPath.begin() + static_cast<std::size_t>(bufferLength));
 #else
       result = "/tmp/";
 #endif
     }
 
     return result;
   }
 
   std::string IOUtil::CreateTemporaryFile(const std::string &templateName, std::string path)
   {
     std::ofstream tmpOutputStream;
     std::string returnValue = CreateTemporaryFile(tmpOutputStream, templateName, path);
     tmpOutputStream.close();
     return returnValue;
   }
 
   std::string IOUtil::CreateTemporaryFile(std::ofstream &f, const std::string &templateName, std::string path)
   {
     return CreateTemporaryFile(f, std::ios_base::out | std::ios_base::trunc, templateName, path);
   }
 
   std::string IOUtil::CreateTemporaryFile(std::ofstream &f,
                                           std::ios_base::openmode mode,
                                           const std::string &templateName,
                                           std::string path)
   {
     if (path.empty())
     {
       path = GetTempPath();
     }
 
     path += templateName;
 
     std::vector<char> dst_path(path.begin(), path.end());
     dst_path.push_back('\0');
 
     std::size_t lastX = path.find_last_of('X');
     std::size_t firstX = path.find_last_not_of('X', lastX);
     int firstNonX = firstX == std::string::npos ? -1 : firstX - 1;
     while (lastX != std::string::npos && (lastX - firstNonX) < 6)
     {
       lastX = path.find_last_of('X', firstX);
       firstX = path.find_last_not_of('X', lastX);
       firstNonX = firstX == std::string::npos ? -1 : firstX - 1;
     }
     std::size_t suffixlen = lastX == std::string::npos ? path.size() : path.size() - lastX - 1;
 
     int fd = mkstemps_compat(&dst_path[0], suffixlen);
     if (fd != -1)
     {
       path.assign(dst_path.begin(), dst_path.end() - 1);
       f.open(path.c_str(), mode | std::ios_base::out | std::ios_base::trunc);
       close(fd);
     }
     else
     {
       mitkThrow() << "Creating temporary file " << &dst_path[0] << " failed: " << GetLastErrorStr();
     }
     return path;
   }
 
   std::string IOUtil::CreateTemporaryDirectory(const std::string &templateName, std::string path)
   {
     if (path.empty())
     {
       path = GetTempPath();
     }
 
     path += GetDirectorySeparator() + templateName;
     std::vector<char> dst_path(path.begin(), path.end());
     dst_path.push_back('\0');
 
     std::size_t lastX = path.find_last_of('X');
     std::size_t firstX = path.find_last_not_of('X', lastX);
     int firstNonX = firstX == std::string::npos ? -1 : firstX - 1;
     while (lastX != std::string::npos && (lastX - firstNonX) < 6)
     {
       lastX = path.find_last_of('X', firstX);
       firstX = path.find_last_not_of('X', lastX);
       firstNonX = firstX == std::string::npos ? -1 : firstX - 1;
     }
     std::size_t suffixlen = lastX == std::string::npos ? path.size() : path.size() - lastX - 1;
 
     if (mkdtemps_compat(&dst_path[0], suffixlen) == nullptr)
     {
       mitkThrow() << "Creating temporary directory " << &dst_path[0] << " failed: " << GetLastErrorStr();
     }
 
     path.assign(dst_path.begin(), dst_path.end() - 1);
     return path;
   }
 
   DataStorage::SetOfObjects::Pointer IOUtil::Load(const std::string &path, DataStorage &storage, const ReaderOptionsFunctorBase *optionsCallback)
   {
     std::vector<std::string> paths;
     paths.push_back(path);
     return Load(paths, storage, optionsCallback);
   }
 
   DataStorage::SetOfObjects::Pointer IOUtil::Load(const std::string &path,
                                                   const IFileReader::Options &options,
                                                   DataStorage &storage)
   {
     std::vector<LoadInfo> loadInfos;
     loadInfos.push_back(LoadInfo(path));
     DataStorage::SetOfObjects::Pointer nodeResult = DataStorage::SetOfObjects::New();
     Impl::FixedReaderOptionsFunctor optionsCallback(options);
     std::string errMsg = Load(loadInfos, nodeResult, &storage, &optionsCallback);
     if (!errMsg.empty())
     {
       mitkThrow() << errMsg;
     }
     return nodeResult;
   }
 
   std::vector<BaseData::Pointer> IOUtil::Load(const std::string &path, const ReaderOptionsFunctorBase *optionsCallback)
   {
     std::vector<std::string> paths;
     paths.push_back(path);
     return Load(paths, optionsCallback);
   }
 
   std::vector<BaseData::Pointer> IOUtil::Load(const std::string &path, const IFileReader::Options &options)
   {
     std::vector<LoadInfo> loadInfos;
     loadInfos.push_back(LoadInfo(path));
     Impl::FixedReaderOptionsFunctor optionsCallback(options);
     std::string errMsg = Load(loadInfos, nullptr, nullptr, &optionsCallback);
     if (!errMsg.empty())
     {
       mitkThrow() << errMsg;
     }
     return loadInfos.front().m_Output;
   }
 
   DataStorage::SetOfObjects::Pointer IOUtil::Load(const std::vector<std::string> &paths, DataStorage &storage, const ReaderOptionsFunctorBase *optionsCallback)
   {
     DataStorage::SetOfObjects::Pointer nodeResult = DataStorage::SetOfObjects::New();
     std::vector<LoadInfo> loadInfos;
     for (const auto &loadInfo : paths)
     {
       loadInfos.emplace_back(loadInfo);
     }
     std::string errMsg = Load(loadInfos, nodeResult, &storage, optionsCallback);
     if (!errMsg.empty())
     {
       mitkThrow() << errMsg;
     }
     return nodeResult;
   }
 
   std::vector<BaseData::Pointer> IOUtil::Load(const std::vector<std::string> &paths, const ReaderOptionsFunctorBase *optionsCallback)
   {
     std::vector<BaseData::Pointer> result;
     std::vector<LoadInfo> loadInfos;
     for (const auto &loadInfo : paths)
     {
       loadInfos.emplace_back(loadInfo);
     }
     std::string errMsg = Load(loadInfos, nullptr, nullptr, optionsCallback);
     if (!errMsg.empty())
     {
       mitkThrow() << errMsg;
     }
 
     for (std::vector<LoadInfo>::const_iterator iter = loadInfos.begin(), iterEnd = loadInfos.end(); iter != iterEnd;
          ++iter)
     {
       result.insert(result.end(), iter->m_Output.begin(), iter->m_Output.end());
     }
     return result;
   }
 
   std::string IOUtil::Load(std::vector<LoadInfo> &loadInfos,
                            DataStorage::SetOfObjects *nodeResult,
                            DataStorage *ds,
                            const ReaderOptionsFunctorBase *optionsCallback)
   {
     if (loadInfos.empty())
     {
       return "No input files given";
     }
 
     int filesToRead = loadInfos.size();
     mitk::ProgressBar::GetInstance()->AddStepsToDo(2 * filesToRead);
 
     std::string errMsg;
 
     std::map<std::string, FileReaderSelector::Item> usedReaderItems;
 
     std::vector< std::string > read_files;
     for (auto &loadInfo : loadInfos)
     {
       if(std::find(read_files.begin(), read_files.end(), loadInfo.m_Path) != read_files.end())
         continue;
 
       std::vector<FileReaderSelector::Item> readers = loadInfo.m_ReaderSelector.Get();
 
       if (readers.empty())
       {
         if (!itksys::SystemTools::FileExists(Utf8Util::Local8BitToUtf8(loadInfo.m_Path).c_str()))
         {
           errMsg += "File '" + loadInfo.m_Path + "' does not exist\n";
         }
         else
         {
           errMsg += "No reader available for '" + loadInfo.m_Path + "'\n";
         }
         continue;
       }
 
       bool callOptionsCallback = readers.size() > 1 || !readers.front().GetReader()->GetOptions().empty();
 
       // check if we already used a reader which should be re-used
       std::vector<MimeType> currMimeTypes = loadInfo.m_ReaderSelector.GetMimeTypes();
       std::string selectedMimeType;
       for (std::vector<MimeType>::const_iterator mimeTypeIter = currMimeTypes.begin(),
                                                  mimeTypeIterEnd = currMimeTypes.end();
            mimeTypeIter != mimeTypeIterEnd;
            ++mimeTypeIter)
       {
         std::map<std::string, FileReaderSelector::Item>::const_iterator oldSelectedItemIter =
           usedReaderItems.find(mimeTypeIter->GetName());
         if (oldSelectedItemIter != usedReaderItems.end())
         {
           // we found an already used item for a mime-type which is contained
           // in the current reader set, check all current readers if there service
           // id equals the old reader
           for (std::vector<FileReaderSelector::Item>::const_iterator currReaderItem = readers.begin(),
                                                                      currReaderItemEnd = readers.end();
                currReaderItem != currReaderItemEnd;
                ++currReaderItem)
           {
             if (currReaderItem->GetMimeType().GetName() == mimeTypeIter->GetName() &&
                 currReaderItem->GetServiceId() == oldSelectedItemIter->second.GetServiceId() &&
                 currReaderItem->GetConfidenceLevel() >= oldSelectedItemIter->second.GetConfidenceLevel())
             {
               // okay, we used the same reader already, re-use its options
               selectedMimeType = mimeTypeIter->GetName();
               callOptionsCallback = false;
               loadInfo.m_ReaderSelector.Select(oldSelectedItemIter->second.GetServiceId());
               loadInfo.m_ReaderSelector.GetSelected().GetReader()->SetOptions(
                 oldSelectedItemIter->second.GetReader()->GetOptions());
               break;
             }
           }
           if (!selectedMimeType.empty())
             break;
         }
       }
 
       if (callOptionsCallback && optionsCallback)
       {
         callOptionsCallback = (*optionsCallback)(loadInfo);
         if (!callOptionsCallback && !loadInfo.m_Cancel)
         {
           usedReaderItems.erase(selectedMimeType);
           FileReaderSelector::Item selectedItem = loadInfo.m_ReaderSelector.GetSelected();
           usedReaderItems.insert(std::make_pair(selectedItem.GetMimeType().GetName(), selectedItem));
         }
       }
 
       if (loadInfo.m_Cancel)
       {
         errMsg += "Reading operation(s) cancelled.";
         break;
       }
 
       IFileReader *reader = loadInfo.m_ReaderSelector.GetSelected().GetReader();
       if (reader == nullptr)
       {
         errMsg += "Unexpected nullptr reader.";
         break;
       }
 
       reader->SetProperties(loadInfo.m_Properties);
 
       // Do the actual reading
       try
       {
         DataStorage::SetOfObjects::Pointer nodes;
         if (ds != nullptr)
         {
           nodes = reader->Read(*ds);
 
           std::vector< std::string > new_files =  reader->GetReadFiles();
           read_files.insert( read_files.end(), new_files.begin(), new_files.end() );
         }
         else
         {
           nodes = DataStorage::SetOfObjects::New();
           std::vector<mitk::BaseData::Pointer> baseData = reader->Read();
           for (auto iter = baseData.begin(); iter != baseData.end(); ++iter)
           {
             if (iter->IsNotNull())
             {
               mitk::DataNode::Pointer node = mitk::DataNode::New();
               node->SetData(*iter);
               nodes->InsertElement(nodes->Size(), node);
             }
           }
 
           std::vector< std::string > new_files =  reader->GetReadFiles();
           read_files.insert( read_files.end(), new_files.begin(), new_files.end() );
         }
 
         for (DataStorage::SetOfObjects::ConstIterator nodeIter = nodes->Begin(), nodeIterEnd = nodes->End();
              nodeIter != nodeIterEnd;
              ++nodeIter)
         {
           const mitk::DataNode::Pointer &node = nodeIter->Value();
           mitk::BaseData::Pointer data = node->GetData();
           if (data.IsNull())
           {
             continue;
           }
 
           data->SetProperty("path", mitk::StringProperty::New(Utf8Util::Local8BitToUtf8(loadInfo.m_Path)));
 
           loadInfo.m_Output.push_back(data);
           if (nodeResult)
           {
             nodeResult->push_back(nodeIter->Value());
           }
         }
 
         if (loadInfo.m_Output.empty() || (nodeResult && nodeResult->Size() == 0))
         {
           errMsg += "Unknown read error occurred reading " + loadInfo.m_Path;
         }
       }
       catch (const std::exception &e)
       {
         errMsg += "Exception occurred when reading file " + loadInfo.m_Path + ":\n" + e.what() + "\n\n";
       }
       mitk::ProgressBar::GetInstance()->Progress(2);
       --filesToRead;
     }
 
     if (!errMsg.empty())
     {
       MITK_ERROR << errMsg;
     }
 
     mitk::ProgressBar::GetInstance()->Progress(2 * filesToRead);
 
     return errMsg;
   }
 
   std::vector<BaseData::Pointer> IOUtil::Load(const us::ModuleResource &usResource, std::ios_base::openmode mode)
   {
     us::ModuleResourceStream resStream(usResource, mode);
 
     mitk::CoreServicePointer<mitk::IMimeTypeProvider> mimeTypeProvider(mitk::CoreServices::GetMimeTypeProvider());
     std::vector<MimeType> mimetypes = mimeTypeProvider->GetMimeTypesForFile(usResource.GetResourcePath());
 
     std::vector<mitk::BaseData::Pointer> data;
     if (mimetypes.empty())
     {
       mitkThrow() << "No mimetype for resource stream: " << usResource.GetResourcePath();
       return data;
     }
 
     mitk::FileReaderRegistry fileReaderRegistry;
     std::vector<us::ServiceReference<IFileReader>> refs = fileReaderRegistry.GetReferences(mimetypes[0]);
     if (refs.empty())
     {
       mitkThrow() << "No reader available for resource stream: " << usResource.GetResourcePath();
       return data;
     }
 
     mitk::IFileReader *reader = fileReaderRegistry.GetReader(refs[0]);
     reader->SetInput(usResource.GetResourcePath(), &resStream);
     data = reader->Read();
 
     return data;
   }
 
   BaseData::Pointer IOUtil::Load(const std::string& path, const PropertyList* properties)
   {
     LoadInfo loadInfo(path);
     loadInfo.m_Properties = properties;
 
     std::vector<LoadInfo> loadInfos;
     loadInfos.push_back(loadInfo);
 
     auto errMsg = Load(loadInfos, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
 
     if (!errMsg.empty())
       mitkThrow() << errMsg;
 
     return loadInfos.front().m_Output.front();
   }
 
   void IOUtil::Save(const BaseData *data, const std::string &path, bool setPathProperty) { Save(data, path, IFileWriter::Options(), setPathProperty); }
   void IOUtil::Save(const BaseData *data, const std::string &path, const IFileWriter::Options &options, bool setPathProperty)
   {
     Save(data, std::string(), path, options, setPathProperty);
   }
 
   void IOUtil::Save(const BaseData *data, const std::string &mimeType, const std::string &path, bool addExtension, bool setPathProperty)
   {
     Save(data, mimeType, path, IFileWriter::Options(), addExtension, setPathProperty);
   }
 
   void IOUtil::Save(const BaseData *data,
                     const std::string &mimeType,
                     const std::string &path,
                     const IFileWriter::Options &options,
                     bool addExtension,
                     bool setPathProperty)
   {
     if ((data == nullptr) || (data->IsEmpty()))
-      mitkThrow() << "BaseData cannotbe null or empty for save methods in IOUtil.h.";
+      mitkThrow() << "BaseData cannot be null or empty for save methods in IOUtil.h.";
 
     std::string errMsg;
     if (options.empty())
     {
       errMsg = Save(data, mimeType, path, nullptr, addExtension, setPathProperty);
     }
     else
     {
       Impl::FixedWriterOptionsFunctor optionsCallback(options);
       errMsg = Save(data, mimeType, path, &optionsCallback, addExtension, setPathProperty);
     }
 
     if (!errMsg.empty())
     {
       mitkThrow() << errMsg;
     }
   }
 
   void IOUtil::Save(std::vector<IOUtil::SaveInfo> &saveInfos, bool setPathProperty)
   {
     std::string errMsg = Save(saveInfos, nullptr, setPathProperty);
     if (!errMsg.empty())
     {
       mitkThrow() << errMsg;
     }
   }
 
   std::string IOUtil::Save(const BaseData *data,
                            const std::string &mimeTypeName,
                            const std::string &path,
                            WriterOptionsFunctorBase *optionsCallback,
                            bool addExtension,
                            bool setPathProperty)
   {
     if (path.empty())
     {
       return "No output filename given";
     }
 
     mitk::CoreServicePointer<mitk::IMimeTypeProvider> mimeTypeProvider(mitk::CoreServices::GetMimeTypeProvider());
 
     MimeType mimeType = mimeTypeProvider->GetMimeTypeForName(mimeTypeName);
 
     SaveInfo saveInfo(data, mimeType, path);
 
     std::string ext = Utf8Util::Utf8ToLocal8Bit(itksys::SystemTools::GetFilenameExtension(Utf8Util::Local8BitToUtf8(path)));
 
     if (saveInfo.m_WriterSelector.IsEmpty())
     {
       return std::string("No suitable writer found for the current data of type ") + data->GetNameOfClass() +
              (mimeType.IsValid() ? (std::string(" and mime-type ") + mimeType.GetName()) : std::string()) +
              (ext.empty() ? std::string() : (std::string(" with extension ") + ext));
     }
 
     // Add an extension if not already specified
     if (ext.empty() && addExtension)
     {
       ext = saveInfo.m_MimeType.GetExtensions().empty() ? std::string() : "." + saveInfo.m_MimeType.GetExtensions().front();
       saveInfo.m_Path += ext;
     }
 
     std::vector<SaveInfo> infos;
     infos.push_back(saveInfo);
     return Save(infos, optionsCallback, setPathProperty);
   }
 
   std::string IOUtil::Save(std::vector<SaveInfo> &saveInfos, WriterOptionsFunctorBase *optionsCallback, bool setPathProperty)
   {
     if (saveInfos.empty())
     {
       return "No data for saving available";
     }
 
     int filesToWrite = saveInfos.size();
     mitk::ProgressBar::GetInstance()->AddStepsToDo(2 * filesToWrite);
 
     std::string errMsg;
 
     std::set<SaveInfo> usedSaveInfos;
 
     for (auto &saveInfo : saveInfos)
     {
       const std::string baseDataType = saveInfo.m_BaseData->GetNameOfClass();
 
       std::vector<FileWriterSelector::Item> writers = saveInfo.m_WriterSelector.Get();
 
       // Error out if no compatible Writer was found
       if (writers.empty())
       {
         errMsg += std::string("No writer available for ") + baseDataType + " data.\n";
         continue;
       }
 
       bool callOptionsCallback = writers.size() > 1 || !writers[0].GetWriter()->GetOptions().empty();
 
       // check if we already used a writer for this base data type
       // which should be re-used
       auto oldSaveInfoIter = usedSaveInfos.find(saveInfo);
       if (oldSaveInfoIter != usedSaveInfos.end())
       {
         // we previously saved a base data object of the same data with the same mime-type,
         // check if the same writer is contained in the current writer set and if the
         // confidence level matches
         FileWriterSelector::Item oldSelectedItem =
           oldSaveInfoIter->m_WriterSelector.Get(oldSaveInfoIter->m_WriterSelector.GetSelectedId());
         for (std::vector<FileWriterSelector::Item>::const_iterator currWriterItem = writers.begin(),
                                                                    currWriterItemEnd = writers.end();
              currWriterItem != currWriterItemEnd;
              ++currWriterItem)
         {
           if (currWriterItem->GetServiceId() == oldSelectedItem.GetServiceId() &&
               currWriterItem->GetConfidenceLevel() >= oldSelectedItem.GetConfidenceLevel())
           {
             // okay, we used the same writer already, re-use its options
             callOptionsCallback = false;
             saveInfo.m_WriterSelector.Select(oldSaveInfoIter->m_WriterSelector.GetSelectedId());
             saveInfo.m_WriterSelector.GetSelected().GetWriter()->SetOptions(oldSelectedItem.GetWriter()->GetOptions());
             break;
           }
         }
       }
 
       if (callOptionsCallback && optionsCallback)
       {
         callOptionsCallback = (*optionsCallback)(saveInfo);
         if (!callOptionsCallback && !saveInfo.m_Cancel)
         {
           usedSaveInfos.erase(saveInfo);
           usedSaveInfos.insert(saveInfo);
         }
       }
 
       if (saveInfo.m_Cancel)
       {
         errMsg += "Writing operation(s) cancelled.";
         break;
       }
 
       IFileWriter *writer = saveInfo.m_WriterSelector.GetSelected().GetWriter();
       if (writer == nullptr)
       {
         errMsg += "Unexpected nullptr writer.";
         break;
       }
 
       // Do the actual writing
       try
       {
         writer->SetOutputLocation(saveInfo.m_Path);
         writer->Write();
       }
       catch (const std::exception &e)
       {
         errMsg += std::string("Exception occurred when writing to ") + saveInfo.m_Path + ":\n" + e.what() + "\n";
       }
 
       if (setPathProperty)
         saveInfo.m_BaseData->GetPropertyList()->SetStringProperty("path", Utf8Util::Local8BitToUtf8(saveInfo.m_Path).c_str());
 
       mitk::ProgressBar::GetInstance()->Progress(2);
       --filesToWrite;
     }
 
     if (!errMsg.empty())
     {
       MITK_ERROR << errMsg;
     }
 
     mitk::ProgressBar::GetInstance()->Progress(2 * filesToWrite);
 
     return errMsg;
   }
 
   IOUtil::SaveInfo::SaveInfo(const BaseData *baseData, const MimeType &mimeType, const std::string &path)
     : m_BaseData(baseData),
       m_WriterSelector(baseData, mimeType.GetName(), path),
       m_MimeType(mimeType.IsValid() ? mimeType // use the original mime-type
                                       :
                                       (m_WriterSelector.IsEmpty() ?
                                          mimeType // no writer found, use the original invalid mime-type
                                          :
                                          m_WriterSelector.GetDefault().GetMimeType() // use the found default mime-type
                                        )),
       m_Path(path),
       m_Cancel(false)
   {
   }
 
   bool IOUtil::SaveInfo::operator<(const IOUtil::SaveInfo &other) const
   {
     int r = strcmp(m_BaseData->GetNameOfClass(), other.m_BaseData->GetNameOfClass());
     if (r == 0)
     {
       return m_WriterSelector.GetSelected().GetMimeType() < other.m_WriterSelector.GetSelected().GetMimeType();
     }
     return r < 0;
   }
 
   IOUtil::LoadInfo::LoadInfo(const std::string &path)
     : m_Path(path),
       m_ReaderSelector(path),
       m_Cancel(false),
       m_Properties(nullptr)
   {
   }
 }
diff --git a/Modules/SceneSerialization/src/mitkSceneIO.cpp b/Modules/SceneSerialization/src/mitkSceneIO.cpp
index 888eda6c5c..c96aa37a3e 100644
--- a/Modules/SceneSerialization/src/mitkSceneIO.cpp
+++ b/Modules/SceneSerialization/src/mitkSceneIO.cpp
@@ -1,575 +1,577 @@
 /*============================================================================
 
 The Medical Imaging Interaction Toolkit (MITK)
 
 Copyright (c) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
 All rights reserved.
 
 Use of this source code is governed by a 3-clause BSD license that can be
 found in the LICENSE file.
 
 ============================================================================*/
 
 #include <Poco/Delegate.h>
 #include <Poco/Path.h>
 #include <Poco/TemporaryFile.h>
 #include <Poco/Zip/Compress.h>
 #include <Poco/Zip/Decompress.h>
 
 #include "mitkBaseDataSerializer.h"
 #include "mitkPropertyListSerializer.h"
 #include "mitkSceneIO.h"
 #include "mitkSceneReader.h"
 
 #include "mitkBaseRenderer.h"
 #include "mitkProgressBar.h"
 #include "mitkRenderingManager.h"
 #include "mitkStandaloneDataStorage.h"
 #include <mitkLocaleSwitch.h>
 #include <mitkStandardFileLocations.h>
 
 #include <itkObjectFactoryBase.h>
 
 #include <fstream>
 #include <mitkIOUtil.h>
 #include <sstream>
 
 #include "itksys/SystemTools.hxx"
 
 #include <tinyxml2.h>
 
 mitk::SceneIO::SceneIO() : m_WorkingDirectory(""), m_UnzipErrors(0)
 {
 }
 
 mitk::SceneIO::~SceneIO()
 {
 }
 
 std::string mitk::SceneIO::CreateEmptyTempDirectory()
 {
   mitk::UIDGenerator uidGen;
 
   // std::string returnValue = mitk::StandardFileLocations::GetInstance()->GetOptionDirectory() +
   // Poco::Path::separator() + "SceneIOTemp" + uidGen.GetUID();
   std::string returnValue = Poco::Path::temp() + "SceneIOTemp" + uidGen.GetUID();
   std::string uniquename = returnValue + Poco::Path::separator();
   Poco::File tempdir(uniquename);
 
   try
   {
     bool existsNot = tempdir.createDirectory();
     if (!existsNot)
     {
       MITK_ERROR << "Warning: Directory already exitsts: " << uniquename << " (choosing another)";
       returnValue = mitk::StandardFileLocations::GetInstance()->GetOptionDirectory() + Poco::Path::separator() +
                     "SceneIOTempDirectory" + uidGen.GetUID();
       uniquename = returnValue + Poco::Path::separator();
       Poco::File tempdir2(uniquename);
       if (!tempdir2.createDirectory())
       {
         MITK_ERROR << "Warning: Second directory also already exitsts: " << uniquename;
       }
     }
   }
   catch (std::exception &e)
   {
     MITK_ERROR << "Could not create temporary directory " << uniquename << ":" << e.what();
     return "";
   }
 
   return returnValue;
 }
 
 mitk::DataStorage::Pointer mitk::SceneIO::LoadScene(const std::string &filename,
                                                     DataStorage *pStorage,
                                                     bool clearStorageFirst)
 {
   mitk::LocaleSwitch localeSwitch("C");
 
   // prepare data storage
   DataStorage::Pointer storage = pStorage;
   if (storage.IsNull())
   {
     storage = StandaloneDataStorage::New().GetPointer();
   }
 
   // test input filename
   if (filename.empty())
   {
     MITK_ERROR << "No filename given. Not possible to load scene.";
     return storage;
   }
 
   // test if filename can be read
   std::ifstream file(filename.c_str(), std::ios::binary);
   if (!file.good())
   {
     MITK_ERROR << "Cannot open '" << filename << "' for reading";
     return storage;
   }
 
   // get new temporary directory
   m_WorkingDirectory = CreateEmptyTempDirectory();
   if (m_WorkingDirectory.empty())
   {
     MITK_ERROR << "Could not create temporary directory. Cannot open scene files.";
     return storage;
   }
 
   // unzip all filenames contents to temp dir
   m_UnzipErrors = 0;
   Poco::Zip::Decompress unzipper(file, Poco::Path(m_WorkingDirectory));
   unzipper.EError += Poco::Delegate<SceneIO, std::pair<const Poco::Zip::ZipLocalFileHeader, const std::string>>(
     this, &SceneIO::OnUnzipError);
   unzipper.EOk += Poco::Delegate<SceneIO, std::pair<const Poco::Zip::ZipLocalFileHeader, const Poco::Path>>(
     this, &SceneIO::OnUnzipOk);
   unzipper.decompressAllFiles();
   unzipper.EError -= Poco::Delegate<SceneIO, std::pair<const Poco::Zip::ZipLocalFileHeader, const std::string>>(
     this, &SceneIO::OnUnzipError);
   unzipper.EOk -= Poco::Delegate<SceneIO, std::pair<const Poco::Zip::ZipLocalFileHeader, const Poco::Path>>(
     this, &SceneIO::OnUnzipOk);
 
   if (m_UnzipErrors)
   {
     MITK_ERROR << "There were " << m_UnzipErrors << " errors unzipping '" << filename
                << "'. Will attempt to read whatever could be unzipped.";
   }
 
   // transcode locale-dependent string
   m_WorkingDirectory = Poco::Path::transcode (m_WorkingDirectory);
 
   auto indexFile = m_WorkingDirectory + mitk::IOUtil::GetDirectorySeparator() + "index.xml";
   storage = LoadSceneUnzipped(indexFile, storage, clearStorageFirst);
 
   // delete temp directory
   try
   {
     Poco::File deleteDir(m_WorkingDirectory);
     deleteDir.remove(true); // recursive
   }
   catch (...)
   {
     MITK_ERROR << "Could not delete temporary directory " << m_WorkingDirectory;
   }
 
   // return new data storage, even if empty or uncomplete (return as much as possible but notify calling method)
   return storage;
 }
 
 mitk::DataStorage::Pointer mitk::SceneIO::LoadSceneUnzipped(const std::string &indexfilename,
   DataStorage *pStorage,
   bool clearStorageFirst)
 {
   mitk::LocaleSwitch localeSwitch("C");
 
   // prepare data storage
   DataStorage::Pointer storage = pStorage;
   if (storage.IsNull())
   {
     storage = StandaloneDataStorage::New().GetPointer();
   }
 
   if (clearStorageFirst)
   {
     try
     {
       storage->Remove(storage->GetAll());
     }
     catch (...)
     {
       MITK_ERROR << "DataStorage cannot be cleared properly.";
     }
   }
 
   // test input filename
   if (indexfilename.empty())
   {
     MITK_ERROR << "No filename given. Not possible to load scene.";
     return storage;
   }
 
   // transcode locale-dependent string
   std::string tempfilename;
   std::string workingDir;
   itksys::SystemTools::SplitProgramPath(indexfilename, workingDir, tempfilename);
 
   // test if index.xml exists
   // parse index.xml with TinyXML
   tinyxml2::XMLDocument document;
   if (tinyxml2::XML_SUCCESS != document.LoadFile(indexfilename.c_str()))
   {
     MITK_ERROR << "Could not open/read/parse " << workingDir << mitk::IOUtil::GetDirectorySeparator()
       << "index.xml\nTinyXML reports: " << document.ErrorStr() << std::endl;
     return storage;
   }
 
   SceneReader::Pointer reader = SceneReader::New();
   if (!reader->LoadScene(document, workingDir, storage))
   {
     MITK_ERROR << "There were errors while loading scene file " << indexfilename << ". Your data may be corrupted";
   }
 
   // return new data storage, even if empty or uncomplete (return as much as possible but notify calling method)
   return storage;
 }
 
 bool mitk::SceneIO::SaveScene(DataStorage::SetOfObjects::ConstPointer sceneNodes,
                               const DataStorage *storage,
                               const std::string &filename)
 {
   if (!sceneNodes)
   {
     MITK_ERROR << "No set of nodes given. Not possible to save scene.";
     return false;
   }
   if (!storage)
   {
     MITK_ERROR << "No data storage given. Not possible to save scene."; // \TODO: Technically, it would be possible to
                                                                         // save the nodes without their relation
     return false;
   }
 
   if (filename.empty())
   {
     MITK_ERROR << "No filename given. Not possible to save scene.";
     return false;
   }
 
   mitk::LocaleSwitch localeSwitch("C");
 
   try
   {
     m_FailedNodes = DataStorage::SetOfObjects::New();
     m_FailedProperties = PropertyList::New();
 
     // start XML DOM
     tinyxml2::XMLDocument document;
     document.InsertEndChild(document.NewDeclaration());
 
     auto *version = document.NewElement("Version");
     version->SetAttribute("Writer", __FILE__);
     version->SetAttribute("Revision", "$Revision: 17055 $");
     version->SetAttribute("FileVersion", 1);
     document.InsertEndChild(version);
 
     // DataStorage::SetOfObjects::ConstPointer sceneNodes = storage->GetSubset( predicate );
 
     if (sceneNodes.IsNull())
     {
       MITK_WARN << "Saving empty scene to " << filename;
     }
     else
     {
       if (sceneNodes->size() == 0)
       {
         MITK_WARN << "Saving empty scene to " << filename;
       }
 
       MITK_INFO << "Storing scene with " << sceneNodes->size() << " objects to " << filename;
 
       m_WorkingDirectory = CreateEmptyTempDirectory();
       if (m_WorkingDirectory.empty())
       {
         MITK_ERROR << "Could not create temporary directory. Cannot create scene files.";
         return false;
       }
 
       ProgressBar::GetInstance()->AddStepsToDo(sceneNodes->size());
 
       // find out about dependencies
       typedef std::map<DataNode *, std::string> UIDMapType;
       typedef std::map<DataNode *, std::list<std::string>> SourcesMapType;
 
       UIDMapType nodeUIDs;       // for dependencies: ID of each node
       SourcesMapType sourceUIDs; // for dependencies: IDs of a node's parent nodes
 
       UIDGenerator nodeUIDGen("OBJECT_");
 
       for (auto iter = sceneNodes->begin(); iter != sceneNodes->end(); ++iter)
       {
         DataNode *node = iter->GetPointer();
         if (!node)
           continue; // unlikely event that we get a nullptr pointer as an object for saving. just ignore
 
         // generate UIDs for all source objects
         DataStorage::SetOfObjects::ConstPointer sourceObjects = storage->GetSources(node);
         for (auto sourceIter = sourceObjects->begin();
              sourceIter != sourceObjects->end();
              ++sourceIter)
         {
           if (std::find(sceneNodes->begin(), sceneNodes->end(), *sourceIter) == sceneNodes->end())
             continue; // source is not saved, so don't generate a UID for this source
 
           // create a uid for the parent object
           if (nodeUIDs[*sourceIter].empty())
           {
             nodeUIDs[*sourceIter] = nodeUIDGen.GetUID();
           }
 
           // store this dependency for writing
           sourceUIDs[node].push_back(nodeUIDs[*sourceIter]);
         }
 
         if (nodeUIDs[node].empty())
         {
           nodeUIDs[node] = nodeUIDGen.GetUID();
         }
       }
 
       // write out objects, dependencies and properties
       for (auto iter = sceneNodes->begin(); iter != sceneNodes->end(); ++iter)
       {
         DataNode *node = iter->GetPointer();
 
         if (node)
         {
           auto *nodeElement = document.NewElement("node");
           std::string filenameHint(node->GetName());
           filenameHint = itksys::SystemTools::MakeCindentifier(
             filenameHint.c_str()); // escape filename <-- only allow [A-Za-z0-9_], replace everything else with _
 
           // store dependencies
           auto searchUIDIter = nodeUIDs.find(node);
           if (searchUIDIter != nodeUIDs.end())
           {
             // store this node's ID
             nodeElement->SetAttribute("UID", searchUIDIter->second.c_str());
           }
 
           auto searchSourcesIter = sourceUIDs.find(node);
           if (searchSourcesIter != sourceUIDs.end())
           {
             // store all source IDs
             for (auto sourceUIDIter = searchSourcesIter->second.begin();
                  sourceUIDIter != searchSourcesIter->second.end();
                  ++sourceUIDIter)
             {
               auto *uidElement = document.NewElement("source");
               uidElement->SetAttribute("UID", sourceUIDIter->c_str());
               nodeElement->InsertEndChild(uidElement);
             }
           }
 
           // store basedata
           if (BaseData *data = node->GetData())
           {
             // std::string filenameHint( node->GetName() );
             bool error(false);
             auto *dataElement = SaveBaseData(document, data, filenameHint, error); // returns a reference to a file
             if (error)
             {
               m_FailedNodes->push_back(node);
             }
 
             // store basedata properties
             PropertyList *propertyList = data->GetPropertyList();
             if (propertyList && !propertyList->IsEmpty())
             {
               auto *baseDataPropertiesElement =
                 SavePropertyList(document, propertyList, filenameHint + "-data"); // returns a reference to a file
               dataElement->InsertEndChild(baseDataPropertiesElement);
             }
 
             nodeElement->InsertEndChild(dataElement);
           }
 
           // store all renderwindow specific propertylists
           mitk::DataNode::PropertyListKeyNames propertyListKeys = node->GetPropertyListNames();
           for (const auto &renderWindowName : propertyListKeys)
           {
             PropertyList *propertyList = node->GetPropertyList(renderWindowName);
             if (propertyList && !propertyList->IsEmpty())
             {
               auto *renderWindowPropertiesElement =
                 SavePropertyList(document, propertyList, filenameHint + "-" + renderWindowName); // returns a reference to a file
               renderWindowPropertiesElement->SetAttribute("renderwindow", renderWindowName.c_str());
               nodeElement->InsertEndChild(renderWindowPropertiesElement);
             }
           }
 
           // don't forget the renderwindow independent list
           PropertyList *propertyList = node->GetPropertyList();
           if (propertyList && !propertyList->IsEmpty())
           {
             auto *propertiesElement =
               SavePropertyList(document, propertyList, filenameHint + "-node"); // returns a reference to a file
             nodeElement->InsertEndChild(propertiesElement);
           }
           document.InsertEndChild(nodeElement);
         }
         else
         {
           MITK_WARN << "Ignoring nullptr node during scene serialization.";
         }
 
         ProgressBar::GetInstance()->Progress();
       } // end for all nodes
     }   // end if sceneNodes
 
     std::string defaultLocale_WorkingDirectory = Poco::Path::transcode( m_WorkingDirectory );
 
     auto xmlFilename = defaultLocale_WorkingDirectory + Poco::Path::separator() + "index.xml";
     if (tinyxml2::XML_SUCCESS != document.SaveFile(xmlFilename.c_str()))
     {
       MITK_ERROR << "Could not write scene to " << defaultLocale_WorkingDirectory << Poco::Path::separator() << "index.xml"
                  << "\nTinyXML reports '" << document.ErrorStr() << "'";
       return false;
     }
     else
     {
       try
       {
         Poco::File deleteFile(filename.c_str());
         if (deleteFile.exists())
         {
           deleteFile.remove();
         }
 
         // create zip at filename
         std::ofstream file(filename.c_str(), std::ios::binary | std::ios::out);
         if (!file.good())
         {
           MITK_ERROR << "Could not open a zip file for writing: '" << filename << "'";
           return false;
         }
         else
         {
           Poco::Zip::Compress zipper(file, true);
           Poco::Path tmpdir(m_WorkingDirectory);
           zipper.addRecursive(tmpdir);
           zipper.close();
         }
         try
         {
           Poco::File deleteDir(m_WorkingDirectory);
           deleteDir.remove(true); // recursive
         }
         catch (...)
         {
           MITK_ERROR << "Could not delete temporary directory " << m_WorkingDirectory;
           return false; // ok?
         }
       }
       catch (std::exception &e)
       {
         MITK_ERROR << "Could not create ZIP file from " << m_WorkingDirectory << "\nReason: " << e.what();
         return false;
       }
       return true;
     }
   }
   catch (std::exception &e)
   {
     MITK_ERROR << "Caught exception during saving temporary files to disk. Error description: '" << e.what() << "'";
     return false;
   }
 }
 
 tinyxml2::XMLElement *mitk::SceneIO::SaveBaseData(tinyxml2::XMLDocument &doc, BaseData *data, const std::string &filenamehint, bool &error)
 {
   assert(data);
   error = true;
 
   // find correct serializer
   // the serializer must
   //  - create a file containing all information to recreate the BaseData object --> needs to know where to put this
   //  file (and a filename?)
   //  - TODO what to do about writers that creates one file per timestep?
   auto *element = doc.NewElement("data");
   element->SetAttribute("type", data->GetNameOfClass());
 
   // construct name of serializer class
   std::string serializername(data->GetNameOfClass());
   serializername += "Serializer";
 
   std::list<itk::LightObject::Pointer> thingsThatCanSerializeThis =
     itk::ObjectFactoryBase::CreateAllInstance(serializername.c_str());
   if (thingsThatCanSerializeThis.size() < 1)
   {
     MITK_ERROR << "No serializer found for " << data->GetNameOfClass() << ". Skipping object";
   }
 
   for (auto iter = thingsThatCanSerializeThis.begin();
        iter != thingsThatCanSerializeThis.end();
        ++iter)
   {
     if (auto *serializer = dynamic_cast<BaseDataSerializer *>(iter->GetPointer()))
     {
       serializer->SetData(data);
       serializer->SetFilenameHint(filenamehint);
       std::string defaultLocale_WorkingDirectory = Poco::Path::transcode( m_WorkingDirectory );
       serializer->SetWorkingDirectory(defaultLocale_WorkingDirectory);
       try
       {
         std::string writtenfilename = serializer->Serialize();
         element->SetAttribute("file", writtenfilename.c_str());
-        error = false;
+
+        if (!writtenfilename.empty())
+          error = false;
       }
       catch (std::exception &e)
       {
         MITK_ERROR << "Serializer " << serializer->GetNameOfClass() << " failed: " << e.what();
       }
       break;
     }
   }
   element->SetAttribute("UID", data->GetUID().c_str());
 
   return element;
 }
 
 tinyxml2::XMLElement *mitk::SceneIO::SavePropertyList(tinyxml2::XMLDocument &doc, PropertyList *propertyList, const std::string &filenamehint)
 {
   assert(propertyList);
 
   //  - TODO what to do about shared properties (same object in two lists or behind several keys)?
   auto *element = doc.NewElement("properties");
 
   // construct name of serializer class
   PropertyListSerializer::Pointer serializer = PropertyListSerializer::New();
 
   serializer->SetPropertyList(propertyList);
   serializer->SetFilenameHint(filenamehint);
   std::string defaultLocale_WorkingDirectory = Poco::Path::transcode( m_WorkingDirectory );
   serializer->SetWorkingDirectory(defaultLocale_WorkingDirectory);
   try
   {
     std::string writtenfilename = serializer->Serialize();
     element->SetAttribute("file", writtenfilename.c_str());
     PropertyList::Pointer failedProperties = serializer->GetFailedProperties();
     if (failedProperties.IsNotNull())
     {
       // move failed properties to global list
       m_FailedProperties->ConcatenatePropertyList(failedProperties, true);
     }
   }
   catch (std::exception &e)
   {
     MITK_ERROR << "Serializer " << serializer->GetNameOfClass() << " failed: " << e.what();
   }
 
   return element;
 }
 
 const mitk::SceneIO::FailedBaseDataListType *mitk::SceneIO::GetFailedNodes()
 {
   return m_FailedNodes.GetPointer();
 }
 
 const mitk::PropertyList *mitk::SceneIO::GetFailedProperties()
 {
   return m_FailedProperties;
 }
 
 void mitk::SceneIO::OnUnzipError(const void * /*pSender*/,
                                  std::pair<const Poco::Zip::ZipLocalFileHeader, const std::string> &info)
 {
   ++m_UnzipErrors;
   MITK_ERROR << "Error while unzipping: " << info.second;
 }
 
 void mitk::SceneIO::OnUnzipOk(const void * /*pSender*/,
                               std::pair<const Poco::Zip::ZipLocalFileHeader, const Poco::Path> & /*info*/)
 {
   // MITK_INFO << "Unzipped ok: " << info.second.toString();
 }
diff --git a/Modules/SceneSerialization/src/mitkSceneReaderV1.cpp b/Modules/SceneSerialization/src/mitkSceneReaderV1.cpp
index c28b3e54ce..9337bdf315 100644
--- a/Modules/SceneSerialization/src/mitkSceneReaderV1.cpp
+++ b/Modules/SceneSerialization/src/mitkSceneReaderV1.cpp
@@ -1,463 +1,468 @@
 /*============================================================================
 
 The Medical Imaging Interaction Toolkit (MITK)
 
 Copyright (c) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
 All rights reserved.
 
 Use of this source code is governed by a 3-clause BSD license that can be
 found in the LICENSE file.
 
 ============================================================================*/
 
 #include "mitkSceneReaderV1.h"
 #include "Poco/Path.h"
 #include "mitkBaseRenderer.h"
 #include "mitkIOUtil.h"
 #include "mitkProgressBar.h"
 #include "mitkPropertyListDeserializer.h"
 #include "mitkSerializerMacros.h"
 #include <mitkUIDManipulator.h>
 #include <mitkRenderingModeProperty.h>
 #include <tinyxml2.h>
 
 #include <filesystem>
 #include <map>
 
 MITK_REGISTER_SERIALIZER(SceneReaderV1)
 
 namespace
 {
   typedef std::pair<mitk::DataNode::Pointer, std::list<std::string>> NodesAndParentsPair;
 
   bool NodeSortByLayerIsLessThan(const NodesAndParentsPair &left, const NodesAndParentsPair &right)
   {
     if (left.first.IsNotNull() && right.first.IsNotNull())
     {
       int leftLayer;
       int rightLayer;
       if (left.first->GetIntProperty("layer", leftLayer) && right.first->GetIntProperty("layer", rightLayer))
       {
         return leftLayer < rightLayer;
       }
       else
       {
         // fall back to name sort
         return left.first->GetName() < right.first->GetName();
       }
     }
 
     // in all other cases, fall back to stupid pointer comparison
     // this is not reasonable but at least answers the sorting
     // question clearly
     return left.first.GetPointer() < right.first.GetPointer();
   }
 
   // This is a workaround until we are able to save time-related information in an
   // actual file format of surfaces.
   void ApplyProportionalTimeGeometryProperties(mitk::BaseData* data)
   {
     auto* geometry = dynamic_cast<mitk::ProportionalTimeGeometry*>(data->GetTimeGeometry());
 
     if (nullptr == geometry)
       return;
 
     auto properties = data->GetPropertyList();
     float value = 0.0f;
 
     if (properties->GetFloatProperty("ProportionalTimeGeometry.FirstTimePoint", value))
     {
       if (value == -std::numeric_limits<float>::infinity())
         value = std::numeric_limits<float>::lowest();
 
       geometry->SetFirstTimePoint(value);
     }
 
     if (properties->GetFloatProperty("ProportionalTimeGeometry.StepDuration", value))
       geometry->SetStepDuration(value);
   }
 
   mitk::PropertyList::Pointer DeserializeProperties(const tinyxml2::XMLElement *propertiesElement, const std::filesystem::path& basePath)
   {
     if (propertiesElement == nullptr)
       return nullptr;
 
     std::filesystem::path path(propertiesElement->Attribute("file"));
 
     if (path.empty())
       return nullptr;
 
     if (!basePath.empty())
       path = basePath / path;
 
     auto deserializer = mitk::PropertyListDeserializer::New();
     deserializer->SetFilename(path.string());
     deserializer->Deserialize();
 
     return deserializer->GetOutput();
   }
 }
 
 bool mitk::SceneReaderV1::LoadScene(tinyxml2::XMLDocument &document, const std::string &workingDirectory, DataStorage *storage)
 {
   assert(storage);
   bool error(false);
 
   // TODO prepare to detect errors (such as cycles) from wrongly written or edited xml files
 
   // Get number of elements to initialze progress bar
   //   1. if there is a <data type="..." file="..."> element,
   //        - construct a name for the appropriate serializer
   //        - try to instantiate this serializer via itk object factory
   //        - if serializer could be created, use it to read the file into a BaseData object
   //        - if successful, call the new node's SetData(..)
 
   // create a node for the tag "data" and test if node was created
   typedef std::vector<mitk::DataNode::Pointer> DataNodeVector;
   DataNodeVector DataNodes;
   unsigned int listSize = 0;
   for (auto *element = document.FirstChildElement("node"); element != nullptr;
        element = element->NextSiblingElement("node"))
   {
     ++listSize;
   }
 
   ProgressBar::GetInstance()->AddStepsToDo(listSize * 2);
 
   // Deserialize base data properties before reading the actual data to be
   // able to provide them as read-only meta data to the data reader.
   std::map<std::string, PropertyList::Pointer> baseDataPropertyLists;
 
   for (auto *nodeElement = document.FirstChildElement("node"); nodeElement != nullptr;
        nodeElement = nodeElement->NextSiblingElement("node"))
   {
     const auto *uid = nodeElement->Attribute("UID");
 
     if (uid == nullptr)
       continue;
 
     auto *dataElement = nodeElement->FirstChildElement("data");
 
     if (dataElement != nullptr)
     {
       auto properties = DeserializeProperties(dataElement->FirstChildElement("properties"), workingDirectory);
 
       if (properties.IsNotNull())
         baseDataPropertyLists[uid] = properties;
     }
   }
 
   for (auto *element = document.FirstChildElement("node"); element != nullptr;
        element = element->NextSiblingElement("node"))
   {
     mitk::PropertyList* properties = nullptr;
     const auto *uid = element->Attribute("UID");
 
     if (uid != nullptr)
     {
       auto iter = baseDataPropertyLists.find(uid);
 
       if (iter != baseDataPropertyLists.end())
         properties = iter->second;
     }
 
     const auto *dataElement = element->FirstChildElement("data");
     auto dataNode = this->LoadBaseDataFromDataTag(dataElement, properties, workingDirectory, error);
 
     if (dataNode.IsNull())
       continue;
 
     auto* baseData = dataNode->GetData();
 
     if (baseData != nullptr && properties != nullptr)
     {
       baseData->SetPropertyList(properties);
       ApplyProportionalTimeGeometryProperties(baseData);
     }
 
     DataNodes.push_back(dataNode);
 
     ProgressBar::GetInstance()->Progress();
   }
 
   // iterate all nodes
   // first level nodes should be <node> elements
   auto nit = DataNodes.begin();
   for (auto *element = document.FirstChildElement("node"); element != nullptr || nit != DataNodes.end();
        element = element->NextSiblingElement("node"), ++nit)
   {
     mitk::DataNode::Pointer node = *nit;
 
     //   1. check child nodes
     const char *uida = element->Attribute("UID");
     std::string uid("");
 
     if (uida)
     {
       uid = uida;
       m_NodeForID[uid] = node.GetPointer();
       m_IDForNode[node.GetPointer()] = uid;
     }
     else
     {
       MITK_ERROR << "No UID found for current node. Node will have no parents.";
       error = true;
     }
 
     //   2. if there are <properties> nodes,
     //        - instantiate the appropriate PropertyListDeSerializer
     //        - use them to construct PropertyList objects
     //        - add these properties to the node (if necessary, use renderwindow name)
     bool success = DecorateNodeWithProperties(node, element, workingDirectory);
     if (!success)
     {
       MITK_ERROR << "Could not load properties for node.";
       error = true;
     }
 
     // remember node for later adding to DataStorage
     m_OrderedNodePairs.push_back(std::make_pair(node, std::list<std::string>()));
 
     //   3. if there are <source> elements, remember parent objects
     for (auto *source = element->FirstChildElement("source"); source != nullptr;
          source = source->NextSiblingElement("source"))
     {
       const char *sourceUID = source->Attribute("UID");
       if (sourceUID)
       {
         m_OrderedNodePairs.back().second.push_back(std::string(sourceUID));
       }
     }
 
     ProgressBar::GetInstance()->Progress();
   } // end for all <node>
 
   // sort our nodes by their "layer" property
   // (to be inserted in that order)
   m_OrderedNodePairs.sort(&NodeSortByLayerIsLessThan);
 
   // remove all unknown parent UIDs
   for (auto nodesIter = m_OrderedNodePairs.begin(); nodesIter != m_OrderedNodePairs.end();
        ++nodesIter)
   {
     for (auto parentsIter = nodesIter->second.begin();
          parentsIter != nodesIter->second.end();)
     {
       if (m_NodeForID.find(*parentsIter) == m_NodeForID.end())
       {
         parentsIter = nodesIter->second.erase(parentsIter);
         MITK_WARN << "Found a DataNode with unknown parents. Will add it to DataStorage without any parent objects.";
         error = true;
       }
       else
       {
         ++parentsIter;
       }
     }
   }
 
   // repeat the following loop ...
   //   ... for all created nodes
   unsigned int lastMapSize(0);
   while (lastMapSize !=
          m_OrderedNodePairs
            .size()) // this is to prevent infinite loops; each iteration must at least add one node to DataStorage
   {
     lastMapSize = m_OrderedNodePairs.size();
 
     // iterate (layer) ordered nodes backwards
     // we insert the highest layers first
     for (auto nodesIter = m_OrderedNodePairs.begin(); nodesIter != m_OrderedNodePairs.end();
          ++nodesIter)
     {
       bool addThisNode(true);
 
       // if any parent node is not yet in DataStorage, skip node for now and check later
       for (auto parentsIter = nodesIter->second.begin();
            parentsIter != nodesIter->second.end();
            ++parentsIter)
       {
         if (!storage->Exists(m_NodeForID[*parentsIter]))
         {
           addThisNode = false;
           break;
         }
       }
 
       if (addThisNode)
       {
         DataStorage::SetOfObjects::Pointer parents = DataStorage::SetOfObjects::New();
         for (auto parentsIter = nodesIter->second.begin();
              parentsIter != nodesIter->second.end();
              ++parentsIter)
         {
           parents->push_back(m_NodeForID[*parentsIter]);
         }
 
         // if all parents are found in datastorage (or are unknown), add node to DataStorage
         storage->Add(nodesIter->first, parents);
 
         // remove this node from m_OrderedNodePairs
         m_OrderedNodePairs.erase(nodesIter);
 
         // break this for loop because iterators are probably invalid
         break;
       }
     }
   }
 
   // All nodes that are still in m_OrderedNodePairs at this point are not part of a proper directed graph structure.
   // We'll add such nodes without any parent information.
   for (auto nodesIter = m_OrderedNodePairs.begin(); nodesIter != m_OrderedNodePairs.end();
        ++nodesIter)
   {
     storage->Add(nodesIter->first);
     MITK_WARN << "Encountered node that is not part of a directed graph structure. Will be added to DataStorage "
                  "without parents.";
     error = true;
   }
 
   return !error;
 }
 
 mitk::DataNode::Pointer mitk::SceneReaderV1::LoadBaseDataFromDataTag(const tinyxml2::XMLElement *dataElement,
                                                                      const PropertyList *properties,
                                                                      const std::string &workingDirectory,
                                                                      bool &error)
 {
   DataNode::Pointer node;
 
   if (dataElement)
   {
     const char *filename = dataElement->Attribute("file");
     if (filename && strlen(filename) != 0)
     {
       try
       {
         auto baseData = IOUtil::Load(workingDirectory + Poco::Path::separator() + filename, properties);
 
         node = DataNode::New();
         node->SetData(baseData);
       }
       catch (std::exception &e)
       {
         MITK_ERROR << "Error during attempt to read '" << filename << "'. Exception says: " << e.what();
         error = true;
       }
 
       if (node.IsNull())
       {
         MITK_ERROR << "Error during attempt to read '" << filename << "'. Factory returned nullptr object.";
         error = true;
       }
     }
+    else
+    {
+      MITK_ERROR << "File attribute of data tag is empty!";
+      error = true;
+    }
 
     const char* dataUID = dataElement->Attribute("UID");
     if (!error && dataUID != nullptr)
     {
       UIDManipulator manip(node->GetData());
       manip.SetUID(dataUID);
     }
   }
 
   // in case there was no <data> element we create a new empty node (for appending a propertylist later)
   if (node.IsNull())
   {
     node = DataNode::New();
   }
 
   return node;
 }
 
 void mitk::SceneReaderV1::ClearNodePropertyListWithExceptions(DataNode &node, PropertyList &propertyList)
 {
   // Basically call propertyList.Clear(), but implement exceptions (see bug 19354)
   BaseData *data = node.GetData();
 
   PropertyList::Pointer propertiesToKeep = PropertyList::New();
 
   if (dynamic_cast<Image *>(data))
   {
     /*
       Older scene files (before changes of bug 17547) could contain
       a RenderingMode property with value "LevelWindow_Color".
       Since bug 17547 this value has been removed and replaced by
       the default value LookupTable_LevelWindow_Color.
 
       This new default value does only result in "black-to-white"
       CT images (or others) if there is a corresponding lookup
       table. Such a lookup table is provided as a default value
       by the Image mapper. Since that value was never present in
       older scene files, we do well in not removing the new
       default value here. Otherwise the mapper would fall back
       to another default which is all the colors of the rainbow :-(
     */
     BaseProperty::Pointer lutProperty = propertyList.GetProperty("LookupTable");
     propertiesToKeep->SetProperty("LookupTable", lutProperty);
 
     /*
       Older scene files (before changes of T14807) may contain
       multi-component images without the "Image.Displayed Component"
       property.
 
       As the treatment as multi-component image and the corresponding
       visualization options hinges on that property we should not delete
       it, if it was added by the mapper.
 
       This is a fix for the issue reported in T19919.
     */
     BaseProperty::Pointer compProperty = propertyList.GetProperty("Image.Displayed Component");
     if (compProperty.IsNotNull())
     {
       propertiesToKeep->SetProperty("Image.Displayed Component", compProperty);
     }
   }
 
   propertyList.Clear();
 
   propertyList.ConcatenatePropertyList(propertiesToKeep);
 }
 
 bool mitk::SceneReaderV1::DecorateNodeWithProperties(DataNode *node,
                                                      const tinyxml2::XMLElement *nodeElement,
                                                      const std::string &workingDirectory)
 {
   assert(node);
   assert(nodeElement);
   bool error(false);
 
   for (auto *properties = nodeElement->FirstChildElement("properties"); properties != nullptr;
        properties = properties->NextSiblingElement("properties"))
   {
     const char *propertiesfilea(properties->Attribute("file"));
     std::string propertiesfile(propertiesfilea ? propertiesfilea : "");
 
     const char *renderwindowa(properties->Attribute("renderwindow"));
     std::string renderwindow(renderwindowa ? renderwindowa : "");
 
     PropertyList::Pointer propertyList =
       node->GetPropertyList(renderwindow); // DataNode implementation always returns a propertylist
     ClearNodePropertyListWithExceptions(*node, *propertyList);
 
     // use deserializer to construct new properties
     PropertyListDeserializer::Pointer deserializer = PropertyListDeserializer::New();
 
     deserializer->SetFilename(workingDirectory + Poco::Path::separator() + propertiesfile);
     bool success = deserializer->Deserialize();
     error |= !success;
     PropertyList::Pointer readProperties = deserializer->GetOutput();
 
     if (readProperties.IsNotNull())
     {
       propertyList->ConcatenatePropertyList(readProperties, true); // true = replace
     }
     else
     {
       MITK_ERROR << "Property list reader did not return a property list. This is an implementation error. Please tell "
                     "your developer.";
       error = true;
     }
   }
 
   return !error;
 }